Each of the links below details the scientific rationale of each currently licensed vaccine depending on regulatory organisations like the FDA in the US and MHRA in UK which stand for food and development agency / medicine health regulatory agency
Each of the enclosed research papers details adverse effects along-side investigating length and breadth of the immune response
Oxford AZD1222 / Astra - A Recombinant Vector Vaccine
June 2020 Phase 1 / 2 Safety and Efficacy AZD1222
June 2020 to September 2020 Phase 3 Clinical Trials AZD1222
Pfizer - mRNA Vaccine
December 2020 Phase 3 Clinical Trials
Novavax - A Protein Vaccine
June 2021 Phase 3 Clinical Trials NVX-COV2372....
Sputnik - Recombinant Vector Vaccine
February 2021 - Phase 3 Interim
Vaccine Comparisons as of April 2021
Further details of other COVID vaccines in development - Click Here
For further details of other vaccine types the dashboard is available on the WHO detailing other treatable diseases and incidence in different countries - Click Here